![]() In 2006, a meta-analysis by Hamer and collaborators 12 evaluated the acute effects of aerobic exercise on BP reactivity to several laboratorial stress tests (i.e. Despite that, it has already been suggested that cardiovascular responses to stress are better indicators of left ventricular mass 9 and the development of hypertension 10, 11 than resting BP, reiterating the importance of studying these responses. Evidence shows that even after a single exercise session, BP can be below baseline levels at rest 8 but its influence on BP reactivity to stressful situations is still poorly understood. In this context, one of BP's control strategies is to perform physical exercises. In a broad context, high BP is one of the main preventable factors associated with premature death globally 6 and is associated with the risk of cardiovascular events, strokes, and kidney disease 7. Besides, one of the simplest and most frequent ways to assess stress reactivity responses is based on changes in blood pressure (BP) (i.e., hypertensive peaks) 5. These tests involve different types of stressors, such as physical (e.g., cold), mental (e.g., arithmetic task), or a mix of both 5. In this way, simple laboratory stress tests that disturb the homeostasis in a controlled manner were previously associated with the development of future cardiovascular events, depression, and decreased telomere length 4. Although these alterations are expected to prepare the body for the challenge, prolonged, frequent, or exaggerated responses to stress can be indicative of future cardiovascular risk 2. Stressful situations are common in modern life and can cause transient alterations in autonomic, catecholaminergic, and neural networks in response to it 1, 2, 3. However, given the small magnitude of effects, the clinical relevance of this result must be interpreted with caution and be better explored. So, acute physical exercise lowers systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure reactivity in response to stressor tasks. Favorable metanalytic results (standardized mean differences through random-effects approach) for the exercises were found, with attenuated reactivity in systolic BP (pooled effect size = − 0.38, representing average reductions of 3.7 ± 3.8 mmHg), diastolic BP (pooled effect size = − 0.51, representing average reductions of 2.9 ± 3.7 mmHg), and mean BP (pooled effect size = − 0.51, representing average reductions of 4.1 ± 3.3 mmHg). As for the stress tests, we have them in the following order from the most to the least frequent: stroop color and word test, cold pressor test, arithmetic test, public speaking, handgrip, trier social stress test, and study task. ![]() As for exercise characteristics, 21 of the 29 studies focused on aerobic exercises, and 23 studies focused on low to moderate intensities. The searches were performed in digital databases (MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and PsycInfo) and 29 studies were included, totaling 795 individuals (quantitative analysis: k = 25, n = 659). ![]() This is a systematic review and meta-analysis that aims to verify the effects of a single session of physical exercises on BP reactivity to stress in adults. ![]() So, an exercise session is a strategy to mitigate blood pressure (BP) peaks in response to stress (i.e., BP reactivity), decreasing the cardiovascular risk. Stressful situations are common in everyday life and disturb homeostasis. ![]()
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